Chemical Reactions & Equations Transitional Reasoning Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   A chemical engineer evaluates two separate reaction pathways to model product formation in an industrial scrubber system. In Pathway 1, gaseous chlorine is introduced into aqueous sodium bromide, yielding aqueous sodium chloride and elemental bromine according to the equation $\text{Cl}_2(g) + 2\text{NaBr}(aq) \rightarrow 2\text{NaCl}(aq) + \text{Br}_2(l)$. In Pathway 2, solid calcium oxide absorbs gaseous carbon dioxide to produce solid calcium carbonate according to the equation $\text{CaO}(s) + \text{CO}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CaCO}_3(s)$. Which option correctly classifies the reaction type of Pathway 1 and Pathway 2, respectively?

   • A) Pathway 1 is a single replacement reaction, and Pathway 2 is a synthesis reaction.
   • B) Pathway 1 is a double replacement reaction, and Pathway 2 is a decomposition reaction.
   • C) Pathway 1 is a synthesis reaction, and Pathway 2 is a combustion reaction.
   • D) Pathway 1 is a single replacement reaction, and Pathway 2 is a double replacement reaction.
2. 2.

   An analytical chemist investigates two industrial procedures used to manufacture chemicals and manage emissions. In Procedure X, sulfur dioxide gas reacts directly with oxygen gas in the presence of a catalyst to yield sulfur trioxide as the only chemical product. In Procedure Y, propane gas reacts vigorously with an excess supply of oxygen gas, converting entirely into carbon dioxide and water vapor along with the release of thermal energy. Based on the observed reactants and products, which classification correctly identifies Procedure X and Procedure Y?

   • A) Procedure X is a decomposition reaction; Procedure Y is a single replacement reaction.
   • B) Procedure X is a double replacement reaction; Procedure Y is a synthesis reaction.
   • C) Procedure X is a synthesis reaction; Procedure Y is a combustion reaction.
   • D) Procedure X is a combustion reaction; Procedure Y is a double replacement reaction.
3. 3.

   An industrial chemist evaluates two waste-management procedures to classify their underlying chemical pathways. In Procedure 1, aqueous calcium chloride is mixed with aqueous sodium carbonate, causing the dissolved ions to exchange partners and form solid calcium carbonate and aqueous sodium chloride. In Procedure 2, solid ammonium nitrate collected from spent fertilizer is carefully heated, causing the single compound to break down entirely into dinitrogen monoxide gas and water vapor. Based on these observed transformations, which option correctly classifies Procedure 1 and Procedure 2?

   • A) Procedure 1 is single replacement, and Procedure 2 is synthesis.
   • B) Procedure 1 is synthesis, and Procedure 2 is combustion.
   • C) Procedure 1 is double replacement, and Procedure 2 is single replacement.
   • D) Procedure 1 is double replacement, and Procedure 2 is decomposition.
4. 4.

   A technician monitors two separate processes in a metallurgical facility to evaluate chemical reaction mechanisms. In Process 1, mixing aqueous solutions of lead(II) nitrate and sodium chloride leads to the mutual exchange of ions, yielding solid lead(II) chloride and aqueous sodium nitrate. In Process 2, pure aluminum metal reacts directly with solid iodine under mild heating to yield aluminum iodide as the sole compound. Based on the observed transformations, which pair correctly classifies Process 1 and Process 2, respectively?

   • A) Single replacement and decomposition
   • B) Double replacement and combustion
   • C) Double replacement and synthesis
   • D) Synthesis and single replacement
5. 5.

   A student investigates three chemical processes in a laboratory to classify their reaction types. In Experiment 1, heating solid copper(II) carbonate yields solid copper(II) oxide and carbon dioxide gas. In Experiment 2, ethanol vapors react rapidly with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water vapor. In Experiment 3, a strip of zinc metal is placed into an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulfate, resulting in the deposition of solid copper as zinc dissolves. Which option correctly identifies the reaction type for each experiment?

   • A) Experiment 1: Decomposition; Experiment 2: Combustion; Experiment 3: Single replacement
   • B) Experiment 1: Synthesis; Experiment 2: Combustion; Experiment 3: Double replacement
   • C) Experiment 1: Decomposition; Experiment 2: Synthesis; Experiment 3: Single replacement
   • D) Experiment 1: Double replacement; Experiment 2: Combustion; Experiment 3: Decomposition