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DNA replication Transitional Reasoning Practice

Biology · Molecular Genetics · Biology · DNA Structure & Replication

1 Biology practice questions on DNA replication. Questions that build towards applied reasoning.

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Questions

  1. 1.

    In an in vitro DNA replication experiment, researchers supplied a circular double-stranded DNA template, labeled nucleotides, and all standard replication enzymes. When DNA ligase activity was selectively inhibited, replication forks continued to advance, but analysis revealed that newly synthesized DNA consisted of both intact long strands and numerous short fragments. Which statement best explains why short fragments accumulate alongside continuous strands under these conditions?

    • A) The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously as Okazaki fragments that require DNA ligase to join them, whereas the leading strand is synthesized continuously.
    • B) The leading strand requires DNA ligase to initiate synthesis after RNA primers are laid down, whereas the lagging strand does not require ligation.
    • C) DNA polymerase synthesizes both daughter strands in short segments, but an alternative proofreading enzyme rejoins the leading strand fragments.
    • D) Inhibition of DNA ligase prevents the removal of RNA primers, causing premature chain termination exclusively along the leading strand.

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