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Central dogma Transitional Reasoning Practice

Biology · Molecular Genetics · Biology · Gene Expression

1 Biology practice questions on Central dogma. Questions that build towards applied reasoning.

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  1. 1.

    A laboratory synthesizes an experimental compound that selectively prevents RNA polymerase from binding to promoter regions in eukaryotic cells. During experimental trials, researchers observe that while chromosomal DNA replication continues normally, the production of functional cytoplasmic enzymes halts entirely over time. Based on the directional flow of genetic information described by the central dogma, which of the following best explains why enzyme synthesis ceases under the action of this compound?

    • A) The compound interferes with post-translational folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, preventing nascent polypeptides from assuming functional three-dimensional conformations.
    • B) The compound blocks the elongation phase of translation at ribosomal subunits, causing transcribed mRNA molecules to accumulate within the nucleoplasm.
    • C) The compound disrupts transcription, preventing the formation of mRNA intermediates that serve as templates for cytoplasmic translation.
    • D) The compound degrades deoxyribonucleotides, thereby terminating the synthesis of genomic DNA needed to directly assemble amino acid chains.

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