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Fertilization

Biology • Reproduction & Development • Knowledge-Based • 5 questions

Fertilization Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Biology · Human Body & Physiology · Biology · Reproduction & Development

5 Biology practice questions on Fertilization. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

Questions

  1. 1.

    Following the successful entry of a spermatozoon into a secondary oocyte, which cellular event marks the definitive completion of fertilization?

    • A) The initiation of rapid mitotic cleavage divisions that produce a morula
    • B) The enzymatic dispersal of the follicular cells composing the corona radiata
    • C) The fusion of the male and female pronuclei to form a single diploid nucleus
    • D) The attachment and embedding of the blastocyst into the uterine endometrium
  2. 2.

    Prior to fertilizing a secondary oocyte, human spermatozoa must undergo capacitation within the female reproductive tract. Which of the following events characterizes this essential preparatory process?

    • A) Exocytosis of cortical granules to prevent polyspermy
    • B) Removal of cholesterol and surface glycoproteins from the sperm plasma membrane
    • C) Decondensation of nuclear chromatin to form the male pronucleus
    • D) Completion of the second meiotic division to form a mature ovum
  3. 3.

    During human fertilization, what is the primary function of the acrosome reaction initiated when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida?

    • A) Triggering the completion of meiosis I in the primary oocyte
    • B) Inducing the rapid depolarization of the oocyte membrane to block polyspermy
    • C) Releasing hydrolytic enzymes that digest a path through the protective extracellular coats of the oocyte
    • D) Stimulating the immediate fusion of the male and female pronuclei within the oocyte cytoplasm
  4. 4.

    During human fertilization, the entry of a sperm into the secondary oocyte directly triggers which cellular event in the female gamete?

    • A) Completion of meiosis II and release of the second polar body
    • B) Completion of meiosis I and release of the first polar body
    • C) Breakdown of the nuclear envelope during prophase I
    • D) Immediate mitotic cleavage into four blastomeres
  5. 5.

    During human fertilization, which event directly prevents polyspermy following the fusion of the sperm plasma membrane with the secondary oocyte?

    • A) The dispersal of the corona radiata cells by enzymes released from the acrosome
    • B) The completion of meiosis I by the primary oocyte inside the ovarian follicle
    • C) The exocytosis of cortical granules that chemically alters the zona pellucida
    • D) The fusion of male and female pronuclei to establish a diploid zygote genome