Digestive system Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   Which enzyme secreted into the oral cavity initiates the chemical digestion of carbohydrates by catalyzing the hydrolysis of dietary starch into maltose and dextrins?

   • A) Pepsin
   • B) Lactase
   • C) Trypsin
   • D) Salivary amylase
2. 2.

   Which structural feature of the small intestine's mucosal epithelium consists of microscopic, finger-like cellular projections that form the brush border to vastly increase the absorptive surface area?

   • A) Haustra
   • B) Rugae
   • C) Cilia
   • D) Microvilli
3. 3.

   Which enzyme secreted by the exocrine pancreas is primarily responsible for hydrolyzing dietary triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides within the small intestine?

   • A) Salivary amylase
   • B) Pancreatic lipase
   • C) Trypsinogen
   • D) Pepsin
4. 4.

   In the human digestive tract, which gastric secretion establishes the acidic environment required to convert the inactive proenzyme pepsinogen into active pepsin?

   • A) Gastrin
   • B) Intrinsic factor
   • C) Enteropeptidase
   • D) Hydrochloric acid
5. 5.

   Which organ is responsible for synthesizing bile to facilitate the emulsification and subsequent enzymatic digestion of dietary lipids in the small intestine?

   • A) Pancreas
   • B) Gallbladder
   • C) Stomach
   • D) Liver