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Reflexes

Biology • Nervous System & Senses • Knowledge-Based • 5 questions

Reflexes Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Biology · Human Body & Physiology · Biology · Nervous System & Senses

5 Biology practice questions on Reflexes. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

Questions

  1. 1.

    When a person steps on a sharp tack with one foot, a withdrawal reflex pulls the injured leg away while the crossed-extensor reflex is activated simultaneously. Which of the following describes the motor response occurring in the contralateral leg?

    • A) Flexor muscles contract while extensor muscles relax to quickly withdraw the opposite leg as well.
    • B) Extensor muscles contract while flexor muscles are inhibited to support body weight on the opposite leg.
    • C) Both flexor and extensor muscles contract equally to lock the opposite knee joint in a fixed position.
    • D) Sensory nociceptors are temporarily desensitized to prevent transmission of pain signals to the brain.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following characteristics distinguishes an autonomic (visceral) reflex from a somatic reflex?

    • A) Its integration center is located entirely within the conscious regions of the cerebral cortex.
    • B) Its efferent pathway consists of a two-neuron chain synapsing in a peripheral ganglion before reaching involuntary effectors.
    • C) Its sensory afferent signals travel directly into the ventral horn of the spinal cord without passing through dorsal root ganglia.
    • D) Its primary effector organs are exclusively composed of voluntary striated skeletal muscle fibers.
  3. 3.

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the mechanism of reciprocal inhibition during a somatic stretch reflex?

    • A) Inhibitory interneurons in the spinal cord suppress the motor neurons supplying the antagonistic muscle, allowing the agonist muscle to contract without resistance.
    • B) Sensory neurons directly stimulate both agonist and antagonist motor neurons to produce simultaneous co-contraction that immobilizes the joint.
    • C) Afferent impulses travel to the cerebral cortex to suppress descending motor signals before any spinal motor neurons can fire.
    • D) Efferent motor neurons release inhibitory neurotransmitters directly onto the sensory receptors within the muscle spindle to terminate receptor firing.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following characteristics directly distinguishes a monosynaptic reflex, such as the patellar stretch reflex, from a polysynaptic reflex?

    • A) It bypasses the central nervous system entirely and synapses within peripheral tissues.
    • B) It requires multiple interneurons within the spinal cord to transmit signals to effectors.
    • C) It relies on conscious motor planning initiated directly by the primary motor cortex.
    • D) It involves a direct synapse between a sensory neuron and a motor neuron without an interneuron.
  5. 5.

    Which of the following sequences represents the correct pathway of an electrical impulse through a typical five-component somatic reflex arc?

    • A) Effector → Motor neuron → Interneuron → Sensory neuron → Receptor
    • B) Receptor → Motor neuron → Interneuron → Sensory neuron → Effector
    • C) Receptor → Sensory neuron → Interneuron → Motor neuron → Effector
    • D) Sensory neuron → Receptor → Interneuron → Effector → Motor neuron