Carbon and functional groups Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   Which functional group consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond, determining whether a simple sugar is classified as an aldose or a ketose?

   • A) Carbonyl group
   • B) Hydroxyl group
   • C) Methyl group
   • D) Carboxyl group
2. 2.

   Which functional group consists of a phosphorus atom covalently bonded to four oxygen atoms and imparts a negative charge to organic molecules?

   • A) Carbonyl group
   • B) Phosphate group
   • C) Hydroxyl group
   • D) Methyl group
3. 3.

   Which functional group acts as a base by accepting a hydrogen ion ($\text{H}^+$) from the surrounding solution, thereby acquiring a positive charge at physiological pH?

   • A) Carbonyl group
   • B) Hydroxyl group
   • C) Phosphate group
   • D) Amino group
4. 4.

   Which functional group acts as an acid because the covalent bond between its oxygen and hydrogen atoms is polar enough that hydrogen ions can reversibly dissociate?

   • A) Carboxyl group
   • B) Carbonyl group
   • C) Amino group
   • D) Methyl group
5. 5.

   Which functional group consists of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and can form covalent cross-links that help stabilize protein structure?

   • A) Hydroxyl group
   • B) Sulfhydryl group
   • C) Carbonyl group
   • D) Amino group