Addition polymers Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   What is the primary role of an organic peroxide, such as benzoyl peroxide, during the industrial addition polymerization of ethene?

   • A) It acts as a chain-transfer agent to immediately terminate the growing polymer chains.
   • B) It undergoes homolytic cleavage to generate free radicals that initiate the chain reaction.
   • C) It functions as a Lewis acid catalyst to convert the alkene monomers into carbocations.
   • D) It reacts with monomer end-groups to drive the elimination of small byproduct molecules.
2. 2.

   Which of the following correctly describes the relationship between an addition polymer and the monomer from which it is formed?

   • A) The empirical formula of the addition polymer is identical to that of its monomer.
   • B) The percentage by mass of carbon is significantly higher in the polymer than in the monomer.
   • C) The molecular mass of the polymer's repeating unit is lower than that of the monomer due to water loss.
   • D) Each repeating unit in the polymer contains fewer hydrogen atoms than the corresponding monomer molecule.
3. 3.

   During the addition polymerization of vinyl monomers such as chloroethene, which change occurs to the carbon atoms involved in the double bond?

   • A) They change from $sp^2$ to $sp^3$ hybridization as the $\pi$ bond breaks to form new $\sigma$ bonds linking adjacent monomer units.
   • B) They change from $sp^3$ to $sp^2$ hybridization through the creation of alternating conjugated double bonds along the chain.
   • C) They retain their $sp^2$ hybridization by sharing delocalized electrons continuously throughout the polymer backbone.
   • D) They undergo oxidation from $sp$ to $sp^2$ hybridization accompanied by the elimination of small gaseous molecules.
4. 4.

   Which monomer undergoes addition polymerization to produce polytetrafluoroethene, commonly known as Teflon?

   • A) Chloroethene
   • B) Tetrafluoroethene
   • C) Propene
   • D) Phenylethene
5. 5.

   Which of the following polymers is produced via addition polymerization without the elimination of any byproduct molecules?

   • A) Nylon-6,6
   • B) Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
   • C) Kevlar
   • D) Poly(vinyl chloride)