Particle motion and temperature Transitional Reasoning Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   To investigate the relationship between temperature and the movement of matter, a student adds an identical drop of food coloring to two separate beakers containing equal volumes of still water at 15 °C and 60 °C. The student observes that the color disperses completely throughout the 60 °C water in a much shorter time than in the 15 °C water. Based on the particle model of matter, which statement best explains this observation?

   • A) The particles in the 15 °C water vibrate only in fixed positions, preventing the dye particles from traveling between them.
   • B) The particles in the 60 °C water have higher average kinetic energy, so faster random collisions disperse the dye particles more rapidly.
   • C) The thermal energy in the 60 °C water causes individual water particles to expand in size and push the dye particles outward.
   • D) The higher temperature at 60 °C breaks the chemical bonds of the dye particles, transforming them into lighter molecules that move faster.