Particle motion and temperature Original Scenario-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   In the high-altitude laboratory of the Cloud Citadel, an alchemist places a sealed glass flask containing pure helium gas into an experimental cooling chamber. As the temperature gauge on the flask steadily falls from 350 K to 220 K without any change in the volume or quantity of gas, the alchemist monitors the particles with an atomic scanner. Based on the particle model of matter, what fundamental change occurs in the behavior of the helium particles as the temperature decreases?

   • A) The average kinetic energy of the helium particles decreases, meaning they move at lower speeds and collide with less force.
   • B) The individual helium particles shrink in physical size while continuing to travel at their original speeds.
   • C) The helium particles lose their mass and cease all movement instantly, settling motionless onto the chamber floor.
   • D) The helium particles gain rotational energy to compensate for thermal loss, increasing their total collision frequency.