Brønsted–Lowry definition Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   Which of the following species cannot act as a Brønsted–Lowry acid?

   • A) $\text{NH}_4^+$
   • B) $\text{CO}_3^{2-}$
   • C) $\text{HSO}_4^-$
   • D) $\text{H}_2\text{O}$
2. 2.

   Which of the following species can act as both a Brønsted–Lowry acid and a Brønsted–Lowry base in aqueous solution?

   • A) $\text{SO}_4^{2-}$
   • B) $\text{NH}_4^+$
   • C) $\text{HCO}_3^-$
   • D) $\text{CO}_3^{2-}$
3. 3.

   Which of the following chemical pairs represents a conjugate acid–base pair according to the Brønsted–Lowry definition?

   • A) $\text{H}_3\text{O}^+$ and $\text{OH}^-$
   • B) $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$ and $\text{SO}_4^{2-}$
   • C) $\text{H}_2\text{CO}_3$ and $\text{HCO}_3^-$
   • D) $\text{NH}_4^+$ and $\text{NH}_2^-$
4. 4.

   In the reaction $\text{NH}_3\text{(aq)} + \text{H}_2\text{O(l)} \rightleftharpoons \text{NH}_4^+\text{(aq)} + \text{OH}^-\text{(aq)}$, which species acts as the Brønsted–Lowry base in the forward direction, and what is its conjugate acid?

   • A) $\text{NH}_3$ is the base, and $\text{NH}_4^+$ is its conjugate acid.
   • B) $\text{H}_2\text{O}$ is the base, and $\text{OH}^-$ is its conjugate acid.
   • C) $\text{NH}_3$ is the base, and $\text{OH}^-$ is its conjugate acid.
   • D) $\text{NH}_4^+$ is the base, and $\text{NH}_3$ is its conjugate acid.
5. 5.

   According to the Brønsted–Lowry definition, which statement correctly describes an acid and a base?

   • A) An acid donates an electron pair, and a base accepts an electron pair.
   • B) An acid produces hydroxide ions, and a base produces hydrogen ions in solution.
   • C) An acid accepts a proton, and a base donates a proton.
   • D) An acid donates a proton, and a base accepts a proton.