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Arrhenius definition

Chemistry • Acid–Base Concepts • Knowledge-Based • 5 questions

Arrhenius definition Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Chemistry · Acids & Bases · Chemistry · Acid–Base Concepts

5 Chemistry practice questions on Arrhenius definition. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

Questions

  1. 1.

    Which of the following chemical equations represents a dissociation process that directly illustrates the Arrhenius definition of an acid?

    • A) HNO3(aq)→H+(aq)+NO3−(aq)HNO_3(aq) \rightarrow H^+(aq) + NO_3^-(aq)
    • B) NH3(g)+HCl(g)→NH4Cl(s)NH_3(g) + HCl(g) \rightarrow NH_4Cl(s)
    • C) HCO3−(aq)+OH−(aq)⇌H2O(l)+CO32−(aq)HCO_3^-(aq) + OH^-(aq) \rightleftharpoons H_2O(l) + CO_3^{2-}(aq)
    • D) CH3NH2(aq)+H2O(l)⇌CH3NH3+(aq)+OH−(aq)CH_3NH_2(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightleftharpoons CH_3NH_3^+(aq) + OH^-(aq)
  2. 2.

    Which of the following highlights a fundamental limitation of the Arrhenius acid–base model?

    • A) It cannot describe neutralization reactions that take place between strong acids and strong metal hydroxides.
    • B) It incorrectly predicts that pure water dissociates into unequal concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions.
    • C) It is restricted exclusively to aqueous systems and cannot account for the basicity of compounds lacking hydroxide ions, such as ammonia.
    • D) It fails to classify common binary halogen acids such as hydrochloric acid as acidic substances in solution.
  3. 3.

    According to the Arrhenius model, what fundamental chemical process occurs during the neutralization of an acid by a base in aqueous solution?

    • A) The transfer of a lone pair of electrons from a donor molecule to an electron-deficient acceptor species
    • B) The exchange of a proton between conjugate acid-base pairs occurring in a nonaqueous solvent system
    • C) The direct precipitation of an insoluble ionic salt from solution without the involvement of solvent molecules
    • D) The combination of dissolved hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form neutral water molecules
  4. 4.

    Which of the following substances acts as an Arrhenius base when dissolved in water?

    • A) HNO3HNO_3
    • B) CH3COOHCH_3COOH
    • C) CH3OHCH_3OH
    • D) Ba(OH)2Ba(OH)_2
  5. 5.

    According to the Arrhenius definition, which statement correctly describes an acid and a base in aqueous solution?

    • A) An acid acts as a proton donor, whereas a base acts as a proton acceptor in any solvent medium.
    • B) An acid increases the concentration of H+\text{H}^+ ions, whereas a base increases the concentration of OH−\text{OH}^- ions in water.
    • C) An acid accepts an electron pair, whereas a base donates an electron pair to form a coordinate bond.
    • D) An acid produces OH−\text{OH}^- ions, whereas a base produces H+\text{H}^+ ions when dissolved in an organic solvent.