Energy transfer and transformation Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   When an electric kettle is operated, electric current flows through its resistive heating element to warm the water. Which primary energy transformation takes place within the heating element?

   • A) Thermal energy to electrical energy
   • B) Chemical energy to thermal energy
   • C) Electrical energy to thermal energy
   • D) Mechanical energy to electrical energy
2. 2.

   When high-pressure steam expands against the blades of a turbine, causing the rotor shaft to spin, which primary energy transformation takes place?

   • A) Electrical energy is transformed into thermal energy.
   • B) Gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
   • C) Chemical potential energy is transformed into radiant energy.
   • D) Thermal energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
3. 3.

   Which primary energy transformation occurs during the operation of an electric motor?

   • A) Mechanical kinetic energy into electrical energy
   • B) Electrical energy into mechanical kinetic energy
   • C) Thermal energy into mechanical kinetic energy
   • D) Chemical energy into electrostatic potential energy
4. 4.

   Which primary energy transformation takes place when a photovoltaic solar cell generates an electric current under sunlight?

   • A) Radiant energy is transformed into electrical energy.
   • B) Thermal energy is transformed into electrical energy.
   • C) Chemical energy is transformed into radiant energy.
   • D) Nuclear energy is transformed into thermal energy.
5. 5.

   What is the primary energy transformation that occurs when a loudspeaker operates in an audio system?

   • A) Electrical energy is transformed into sound energy.
   • B) Sound energy is transformed into electrical energy.
   • C) Chemical energy is transformed into electrical energy.
   • D) Thermal energy is transformed into kinetic energy.
6. 6.

   When an archer pulls back a bowstring and holds it stationary, what primary energy transformation has taken place?

   • A) Kinetic energy has been transformed into gravitational potential energy.
   • B) Chemical potential energy has been transformed into elastic potential energy.
   • C) Elastic potential energy has been transformed into kinetic energy.
   • D) Gravitational potential energy has been transformed into kinetic energy.
7. 7.

   When a vehicle moving along a level horizontal road applies its brakes and comes to a complete stop, what happens to its initial kinetic energy?

   • A) It is converted directly into chemical potential energy stored within the braking mechanism.
   • B) It is transformed primarily into thermal energy dissipated to the brake components and surrounding air.
   • C) It is completely destroyed by the opposing frictional forces acting on the wheels.
   • D) It is converted entirely into gravitational potential energy by the normal force from the road surface.
8. 8.

   Which primary energy transformation takes place inside an electrochemical cell as it supplies electric current to an external circuit?

   • A) Chemical potential energy is transformed into electrical energy.
   • B) Electrical energy is transformed into chemical potential energy.
   • C) Thermal energy is transformed into chemical potential energy.
   • D) Kinetic energy is transformed into electrical energy.
9. 9.

   Which sequence correctly represents the primary energy transformations that occur to produce electricity in a hydroelectric power plant?

   • A) Electrical energy → kinetic energy → gravitational potential energy
   • B) Gravitational potential energy → thermal energy → electrical energy
   • C) Gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy → electrical energy
   • D) Kinetic energy → chemical energy → electrical energy
10. 10.

    Which of the following processes is an example of an energy transformation rather than solely an energy transfer?

    • A) Chemical potential energy in fuel being converted into kinetic and thermal energy inside an engine
    • B) Kinetic energy passing from a moving billiard ball to a stationary billiard ball during a collision
    • C) Thermal energy conducting through the base of a metal frying pan to heat food
    • D) Radiant thermal energy traveling through the air from a campfire to warm a person's hands