Ratios, Rates & Percent Transitional Reasoning Practice

Questions

1. 1.

   A chemistry student conducts an experiment to determine the concentration of a sodium chloride solution. The student's initial hydrometer measurement indicates a concentration of 18.4 grams per liter, but laboratory titration reveals the actual concentration is 23.0 grams per liter. After calibrating the hydrometer, the student tests a second solution with an actual concentration of 35.0 grams per liter. If the calibration reduces the initial percent error by 75% and the hydrometer overestimates the second solution, what reading does the hydrometer display?

   • A) 33.25 grams per liter
   • B) 36.75 grams per liter
   • C) 40.25 grams per liter
   • D) 42.00 grams per liter
2. 2.

   A catering business owner secures a short-term equipment loan of $15,000 to purchase a commercial convection oven. The financing agreement establishes an annual simple interest rate of 7.2$16,620 to completely settle the debt, what was the duration of the loan term, in months?

   • A) 15 months
   • B) 18 months
   • C) 21 months
   • D) 24 months
3. 3.

   A music studio owner plans to purchase a professional recording workstation with a regular sticker price of $2,000. The audio equipment dealer offers Plan A, which finances the full sticker price over 3 years at an annual simple interest rate of 6%. Alternatively, Plan B provides an instant 15% discount on the sticker price, with the remaining balance financed over 3 years at an annual simple interest rate of 8%. How much less does the studio owner pay in total by choosing Plan B instead of Plan A?

   • A) $180
   • B) $252
   • C) $284
   • D) $348
4. 4.

   An outdoor equipment retailer purchases a high-end camping tent at a wholesale cost of $500 and marks up this cost by 60% to establish the showroom tag price. To clear seasonal stock while still earning an overall profit of 20% on the wholesale cost, the retailer plans to offer a discount on the tag price during an end-of-season sale. What discount percentage must the retailer apply to the showroom tag price to achieve this target profit?

   • A) 40%
   • B) 25%
   • C) 20%
   • D) 30%
5. 5.

   During an energy-efficiency promotion, an appliance store offers a 20% discount on the original tag price of a washing machine. A local sales tax of 7.5% is then applied to the discounted price. If a customer pays a total of $774.00 at checkout, what was the original tag price of the washing machine before the discount and tax?

   • A) $864.00
   • B) $720.00
   • C) $967.50
   • D) $900.00
6. 6.

   A small business owner deposits a total of $18,000 into two separate business savings accounts. Account X earns an annual simple interest rate of 4.5$2,925 in simple interest. How much money was originally deposited into Account Y?

   • A) $11,000
   • B) $7,000
   • C) $9,500
   • D) $12,000
7. 7.

   A sales specialist earns a guaranteed monthly base salary of $2,500 plus an 8$15,000. In November, the specialist earned a total gross income of $4,900. If the specialist aims to increase their November gross income by 20% in December under the exact same compensation agreement, what total dollar amount of sales must they generate in December?

   • A) $42,250
   • B) $51,000
   • C) $57,250
   • D) $54,000
8. 8.

   A group of friends dines at a restaurant and receives a food bill totaling $150. They use a member rewards coupon that provides a 20% discount on the food bill, and a local meal tax of 6% is applied to the discounted food total. If they also decide to leave an 18% tip calculated on the original food bill before any discount or tax, what is the total amount they pay for the meal?

   • A) $148.80
   • B) $154.20
   • C) $156.00
   • D) $186.00
9. 9.

   A cabinetmaker purchases commercial woodworking machinery priced at $12,000 for her workshop. She pays 25% of the purchase price upfront as a cash down payment and finances the remaining balance with a 3-year loan at an annual simple interest rate of 6%. If the total loan balance, including interest, is repaid in 36 equal monthly installments, what is the amount of each monthly payment?

   • A) $250
   • B) $295
   • C) $310
   • D) $325
10. 10.

    A bookstore purchases an illustrated encyclopedia from a publisher at a wholesale cost of $80. The store marks up the wholesale cost by 40% to establish the regular retail price. During a seasonal promotion, the store offers a 25% discount on the retail price, and a customer must pay an 8% sales tax on the discounted price. What is the total amount the customer pays for the book?

    • A) $98.40
    • B) $84.00
    • C) $92.96
    • D) $90.72

Answers and step-by-step solutions appear after you finish the test.