Aboard the deep-space reclamation cruiser Aethelgard, an autonomous refinery pod recovers precious elemental silver from an industrial leachate containing aqueous silver nitrate, $\text{AgNO}_3(aq)$, by exposing it to solid copper mesh, $\text{Cu}(s)$. As lustrous silver crystals deposit on the mesh, the solution transitions to a characteristic pale blue from dissolved copper(II) ions. To update the pod's reaction-control algorithms, the ship's chemical processor must isolate the true chemical change from unreactive aqueous spectator species. Which of the following correctly displays the balanced net ionic equation and identifies the spectator ion(s) for this process?

A) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + \text{Ag}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + \text{Ag}(s)$; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

B) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{Ag}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s)$; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

C) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s) \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{Ag}^+(aq)$; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

D) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{AgNO}_3(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{NO}_3^-(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s)$; Spectator ion: None

Inside an isolated abyssal research biodome, an automated water-purification processor treats acidic runoff by neutralizing a dilute stream of aqueous acetic acid, $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq)$, with an equimolar solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide, $\text{NaOH}(aq)$. The station's geochemical monitoring console tracks which chemical species undergo covalent bond transformation and which species exist purely as non-reacting spectator ions. Which of the following correctly presents the balanced net ionic equation and identifies the spectator ions for this neutralization process?

A) $\text{H}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$; spectator ions: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$ and $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq)$

B) $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq) + \text{Na}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{Na}^+(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$; spectator ion: none

C) $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$; spectator ion: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$

D) $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{H}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq)$; spectator ions: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$ and $\text{OH}^-(aq)$

Inside the subglacial research station Boreas, an automated life-support scrubber treats an accidental discharge of aqueous barium hydroxide by neutralizing it with stoichiometric dilute sulfuric acid. To evaluate why the electrical conductivity of the drainage line drops nearly to zero during this remediation, the station's monitoring system must analyze the fate of all dissolved species. Which of the following correctly identifies the balanced net ionic equation and the spectator ions for this reaction?

A) Net ionic equation: $\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} + \text{OH}^-\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$; Spectator ions: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)}$ and $\text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)}$

B) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + \text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4\text{(s)}$; Spectator ions: $\text{H}^+\text{(aq)}$ and $\text{OH}^-\text{(aq)}$

C) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\text{OH}^-\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} + \text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4\text{(s)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$; Spectator ions: None

D) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba(OH)}_2\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$; Spectator ions: $\text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)}$

In an orbital greenhouse aboard the research station Astraea, botanists generate carbon dioxide for enclosed photosynthetic cultures by mixing an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate with aqueous hydrochloric acid. To properly calibrate the station's automated electrochemical sensors, the environmental technician must determine which chemical species undergo chemical change and which remain dissolved without reacting. Which of the following provides the correct balanced net ionic equation for this reaction along with the accurate identification of the spectator ions?

A) Net ionic equation: $2\text{K}^{+}(aq) + 2\text{Cl}^{-}(aq) \rightarrow 2\text{KCl}(aq)$; Spectator ions: $\text{H}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq)$

B) Net ionic equation: $2\text{H}^{+}(aq) + \text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{CO}_3(aq)$; Spectator ions: $\text{K}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$

C) Net ionic equation: $2\text{H}^{+}(aq) + \text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) + \text{CO}_2(g)$; Spectator ions: $\text{K}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$

D) Net ionic equation: $\text{K}_2\text{CO}_3(aq) + 2\text{H}^{+}(aq) \rightarrow 2\text{K}^{+}(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) + \text{CO}_2(g)$; Spectator ions: $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$ only

In the hydroponic crystallarium of a lunar observatory, an environmental chemist recovers iodine by mixing clear solutions of aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide, instantly precipitating shimmering golden crystals of lead(II) iodide. To properly calibrate the recycling sensors, the automated life-support system must identify which chemical species form the solid lattice and which ions merely remain dissolved in the surrounding aqueous fluid. Which of the following represents the correct balanced net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction, alongside the accurate identification of the spectator ions?

A) $\text{K}^+(aq) + \text{NO}_3^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3(s)$, and the spectator ions are $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq)$ and $\text{I}^-(aq)$

B) $\text{Pb(NO}_3)_2(aq) + 2\text{KI}(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s) + 2\text{KNO}_3(aq)$, and there are no spectator ions

C) $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + \text{I}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}(s)$, and the spectator ions are $\text{K}^+(aq)$ and $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

D) $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{I}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s)$, and the spectator ions are $\text{K}^+(aq)$ and $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

Ionic and net ionic equations Original Scenario-Based Practice

Chemistry · The Mole & Stoichiometry · Chemistry · Chemical Reactions & Equations

5 Chemistry practice questions on Ionic and net ionic equations. Questions built around original scenarios.

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1.
Aboard the deep-space reclamation cruiser Aethelgard, an autonomous refinery pod recovers precious elemental silver from an industrial leachate containing aqueous silver nitrate, $\text{AgNO}_3(aq)$ , by exposing it to solid copper mesh, $\text{Cu}(s)$ . As lustrous silver crystals deposit on the mesh, the solution transitions to a characteristic pale blue from dissolved copper(II) ions. To update the pod's reaction-control algorithms, the ship's chemical processor must isolate the true chemical change from unreactive aqueous spectator species. Which of the following correctly displays the balanced net ionic equation and identifies the spectator ion(s) for this process?
- A) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + \text{Ag}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + \text{Ag}(s)$ ; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$
- B) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{Ag}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s)$ ; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$
- C) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s) \rightarrow \text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{Ag}^+(aq)$ ; Spectator ion: $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$
- D) Net ionic equation: $\text{Cu}(s) + 2\text{AgNO}_3(aq) \rightarrow \text{Cu}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{NO}_3^-(aq) + 2\text{Ag}(s)$ ; Spectator ion: None
2.
Inside an isolated abyssal research biodome, an automated water-purification processor treats acidic runoff by neutralizing a dilute stream of aqueous acetic acid, $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq)$ , with an equimolar solution of aqueous sodium hydroxide, $\text{NaOH}(aq)$ . The station's geochemical monitoring console tracks which chemical species undergo covalent bond transformation and which species exist purely as non-reacting spectator ions. Which of the following correctly presents the balanced net ionic equation and identifies the spectator ions for this neutralization process?
- A) $\text{H}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$ ; spectator ions: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$ and $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq)$
- B) $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq) + \text{Na}^+(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{Na}^+(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$ ; spectator ion: none
- C) $\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq) + \text{OH}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l)$ ; spectator ion: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$
- D) $\text{CH}_3\text{COO}^-(aq) + \text{H}^+(aq) \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{COOH}(aq)$ ; spectator ions: $\text{Na}^+(aq)$ and $\text{OH}^-(aq)$
3.
Inside the subglacial research station Boreas, an automated life-support scrubber treats an accidental discharge of aqueous barium hydroxide by neutralizing it with stoichiometric dilute sulfuric acid. To evaluate why the electrical conductivity of the drainage line drops nearly to zero during this remediation, the station's monitoring system must analyze the fate of all dissolved species. Which of the following correctly identifies the balanced net ionic equation and the spectator ions for this reaction?
- A) Net ionic equation: $\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} + \text{OH}^-\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)}$ and $\text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)}$
- B) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + \text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4\text{(s)}$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{H}^+\text{(aq)}$ and $\text{OH}^-\text{(aq)}$
- C) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\text{OH}^-\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} + \text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{BaSO}_4\text{(s)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ ; Spectator ions: None
- D) Net ionic equation: $\text{Ba(OH)}_2\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}^+\text{(aq)} \rightarrow \text{Ba}^{2+}\text{(aq)} + 2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{SO}_4^{2-}\text{(aq)}$
4.
In an orbital greenhouse aboard the research station Astraea, botanists generate carbon dioxide for enclosed photosynthetic cultures by mixing an aqueous solution of potassium carbonate with aqueous hydrochloric acid. To properly calibrate the station's automated electrochemical sensors, the environmental technician must determine which chemical species undergo chemical change and which remain dissolved without reacting. Which of the following provides the correct balanced net ionic equation for this reaction along with the accurate identification of the spectator ions?
- A) Net ionic equation: $2\text{K}^{+}(aq) + 2\text{Cl}^{-}(aq) \rightarrow 2\text{KCl}(aq)$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{H}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq)$
- B) Net ionic equation: $2\text{H}^{+}(aq) + \text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{CO}_3(aq)$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{K}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$
- C) Net ionic equation: $2\text{H}^{+}(aq) + \text{CO}_3^{2-}(aq) \rightarrow \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) + \text{CO}_2(g)$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{K}^{+}(aq)$ and $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$
- D) Net ionic equation: $\text{K}_2\text{CO}_3(aq) + 2\text{H}^{+}(aq) \rightarrow 2\text{K}^{+}(aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O}(l) + \text{CO}_2(g)$ ; Spectator ions: $\text{Cl}^{-}(aq)$ only
5.
In the hydroponic crystallarium of a lunar observatory, an environmental chemist recovers iodine by mixing clear solutions of aqueous lead(II) nitrate and aqueous potassium iodide, instantly precipitating shimmering golden crystals of lead(II) iodide. To properly calibrate the recycling sensors, the automated life-support system must identify which chemical species form the solid lattice and which ions merely remain dissolved in the surrounding aqueous fluid. Which of the following represents the correct balanced net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction, alongside the accurate identification of the spectator ions?
- A) $\text{K}^+(aq) + \text{NO}_3^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{KNO}_3(s)$ , and the spectator ions are $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq)$ and $\text{I}^-(aq)$
- B) $\text{Pb(NO}_3)_2(aq) + 2\text{KI}(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s) + 2\text{KNO}_3(aq)$ , and there are no spectator ions
- C) $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + \text{I}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}(s)$ , and the spectator ions are $\text{K}^+(aq)$ and $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$
- D) $\text{Pb}^{2+}(aq) + 2\text{I}^-(aq) \rightarrow \text{PbI}_2(s)$ , and the spectator ions are $\text{K}^+(aq)$ and $\text{NO}_3^-(aq)$

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