Particle model of solids, liquids and gases Transitional Reasoning Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   A student investigates three identical sealed containers, each holding an equal mass of the same substance in a different state of matter. Sample 1 maintains a fixed shape and resists compression completely; Sample 2 is readily compressed into a much smaller volume; and Sample 3 cannot be noticeably compressed but flows to adopt the shape of the bottom of its container. Based on the particle model of matter, which statement correctly explains the microscopic behavior of these samples?

   • A) In Sample 1, particles are widely spaced and move rapidly at random, which explains why the substance holds its shape independently of the container.
   • B) In Sample 2, particles are locked in rigid positions within a regular lattice, which allows external force to easily push them into fixed spaces.
   • C) In Sample 3, attractive forces between particles are entirely negligible, enabling the particles to separate freely and disperse throughout the entire vessel.
   • D) In Sample 2, particles are separated by large empty spaces allowing them to be pushed closer together, whereas in Sample 3, particles are closely packed but free to slide past one another.