Formation of ions Original Scenario-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   During a deep-space expedition, an automated synthesizer chamber combines neutral magnesium atoms ($Z = 12$) with neutral fluorine atoms ($Z = 9$) to produce an ionic protective crystal. As the energy field stabilizes, the atoms transform into ions to achieve stable noble gas electron configurations. Which statement correctly describes the electron transfer and the resulting ionic charges of these two elements?

   • A) Magnesium loses two valence electrons to form a cation with a $+2$ charge, while fluorine gains one valence electron to form an anion with a $-1$ charge.
   • B) Magnesium gains two electrons to form an anion with a $-2$ charge, while fluorine loses one electron to form a cation with a $+1$ charge.
   • C) Magnesium loses two protons from its nucleus to become a $+2$ cation, while fluorine gains one proton to become a $-1$ anion.
   • D) Magnesium loses one valence electron to form a $+1$ cation, while fluorine gains two valence electrons to form a $-2$ anion.