Conservation biology Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Questions

1. 1.

   Which ecological concept refers to the smallest estimated population size capable of enduring environmental fluctuations, demographic stochasticity, and genetic drift to avoid extinction over a specified timeframe?

   • A) Carrying capacity
   • B) Biotic potential
   • C) Effective population size
   • D) Minimum viable population
2. 2.

   Which term designates a biogeographic region characterized by exceptional levels of endemic species that has also lost at least 70% of its original primary native vegetation?

   • A) Biosphere reserve
   • B) Biodiversity hotspot
   • C) Ecotone
   • D) Ecological sanctuary
3. 3.

   Which ecological phenomenon describes a self-reinforcing downward spiral where inbreeding and genetic drift combine in a small population to reduce individual fitness, driving the population toward inevitable extinction?

   • A) Competitive exclusion
   • B) Biomagnification
   • C) Extinction vortex
   • D) Ecological succession
4. 4.

   In conservation biology, which term describes a species whose protection indirectly confers protection to numerous other co-occurring species across the same ecological community?

   • A) Indicator species
   • B) Umbrella species
   • C) Keystone species
   • D) Pioneer species
5. 5.

   Which of the following conservation strategies is specifically designed to mitigate the negative effects of habitat fragmentation by facilitating gene flow and seasonal movement between isolated wildlife populations?

   • A) Establishing functional wildlife corridors between fragmented habitat patches
   • B) Introducing non-native generalist species to diversify localized food webs
   • C) Utilizing ex situ seed banking and gamete cryopreservation facilities
   • D) Increasing edge habitats through intermediate agricultural clearance