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Nucleic acids Knowledge-Based Practice

Biology · Chemistry of Life · Biology · Biological Macromolecules

5 Biology practice questions on Nucleic acids. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

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Questions

  1. 1.

    Which of the following structural components is present in a nucleotide but absent in a nucleoside?

    • A) Pentose sugar
    • B) Purine base
    • C) Pyrimidine base
    • D) Phosphate group
  2. 2.

    Which of the following nitrogenous base pairs is stabilized by three hydrogen bonds in a double-stranded DNA molecule?

    • A) Adenine and thymine
    • B) Cytosine and guanine
    • C) Adenine and uracil
    • D) Thymine and guanine
  3. 3.

    Which of the following structural features distinguishes the pentose sugar found in RNA from that found in DNA?

    • A) Ribose possesses a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to its 2' carbon, whereas deoxyribose has a hydrogen atom (-H) at that position.
    • B) Ribose possesses a phosphate group attached to its 2' carbon, whereas deoxyribose has a hydroxyl group at that position.
    • C) Deoxyribose possesses an additional oxygen atom attached to its 3' carbon compared to ribose.
    • D) Deoxyribose is a six-carbon hexose sugar, whereas ribose is a five-carbon pentose sugar.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following structural features distinguishes purine nitrogenous bases from pyrimidine nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids?

    • A) Purines contain a single six-membered ring, whereas pyrimidines contain two fused rings.
    • B) Purines possess a double-ring structure consisting of a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring, whereas pyrimidines possess a single six-membered ring.
    • C) Purines link exclusively to ribose sugars, whereas pyrimidines link exclusively to deoxyribose sugars.
    • D) Purines attach to the 5' carbon of the pentose sugar, whereas pyrimidines attach to the 1' carbon.
  5. 5.

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the covalent linkage formed between adjacent nucleotides within a single strand of a nucleic acid?

    • A) Peptide bonds form between the purine base of one nucleotide and the pyrimidine base of the next.
    • B) Hydrogen bonds connect complementary nitrogenous bases across the antiparallel sugar-phosphate backbones.
    • C) Glycosidic bonds link the 2'-carbon of one pentose sugar directly to the nitrogenous base of an adjacent nucleotide.
    • D) Phosphodiester bonds link the 3'-hydroxyl group of one pentose sugar to the 5'-phosphate group of the next nucleotide.

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