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Carbon and functional groups Knowledge-Based Practice

Biology · Chemistry of Life · Biology · Biological Macromolecules

5 Biology practice questions on Carbon and functional groups. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

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Questions

  1. 1.

    Which functional group contains a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydroxyl group, readily acts as a weak acid by releasing a proton, and is a characteristic component of both fatty acids and amino acids?

    • A) Carboxyl group
    • B) Hydroxyl group
    • C) Methyl group
    • D) Carbonyl group
  2. 2.

    Which functional group consists of a phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, imparts a negative electrical charge to organic molecules, and plays a central role in energy transfers such as those involving ATP?

    • A) Hydroxyl group
    • B) Carboxyl group
    • C) Phosphate group
    • D) Methyl group
  3. 3.

    Which functional group consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond and distinguishes aldehydes from ketones based on its position along a carbon skeleton?

    • A) Carbonyl group
    • B) Carboxyl group
    • C) Hydroxyl group
    • D) Methyl group
  4. 4.

    Which functional group consists of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom and can form covalent cross-links that stabilize protein structure?

    • A) Phosphate group
    • B) Sulfhydryl group
    • C) Carboxyl group
    • D) Hydroxyl group
  5. 5.

    Which functional group behaves as a weak base in biological systems by accepting a hydrogen ion (H+\text{H}^+) from the surrounding aqueous solution?

    • A) Carboxyl group
    • B) Hydroxyl group
    • C) Phosphate group
    • D) Amino group

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