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Lysosomes and vacuoles

Biology • Organelles • Knowledge-Based • 5 questions

Lysosomes and vacuoles Knowledge-Based Download PDF

Biology · Cell Structure & Function · Biology · Organelles

5 Biology practice questions on Lysosomes and vacuoles. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

Questions

  1. 1.

    Which term refers to the selectively permeable membrane that encloses the central vacuole and regulates solute movement in plant cells?

    • A) Thylakoid
    • B) Crista
    • C) Tonoplast
    • D) Plasmodesma
  2. 2.

    Which specialized type of vacuole enables freshwater unicellular protists to maintain osmotic balance by collecting and expelling excess water that continuously diffuses into the cell?

    • A) Central vacuole
    • B) Food vacuole
    • C) Contractile vacuole
    • D) Storage vacuole
  3. 3.

    Which cellular pathway involves the delivery of a cell's own damaged organelles or cytoplasmic components to lysosomes for degradation and nutrient recycling?

    • A) Autophagy
    • B) Phagocytosis
    • C) Pinocytosis
    • D) Exocytosis
  4. 4.

    Which mechanism is directly responsible for maintaining the low internal pH required for hydrolytic enzymes to function effectively inside lysosomes?

    • A) Passive diffusion of hydrogen ions down their concentration gradient from the cytosol
    • B) Continuous synthesis and enzymatic release of organic acids from the Golgi apparatus
    • C) Active transport of protons into the organelle lumen by membrane-bound proton pumps
    • D) Facilitated transport of bicarbonate ions out of the lumen through selective channel proteins
  5. 5.

    Which of the following statements correctly distinguishes the primary function of lysosomes from that of the central vacuole in plant cells?

    • A) Lysosomes maintain turgor pressure through water accumulation, whereas the central vacuole synthesizes secretory proteins.
    • B) Lysosomes produce ATP through aerobic respiration, whereas the central vacuole degrades lipids via oxidative enzymes.
    • C) Lysosomes degrade cellular waste and macromolecules using acid hydrolases, whereas the central vacuole primarily stores water and solutes to sustain turgor pressure.
    • D) Lysosomes accumulate pigments and inorganic ions for structural rigidity, whereas the central vacuole performs phagocytic digestion of engulfed pathogens.