During a deep-space expedition, an automated atmospheric sensor analyzes an isolated neutral nitrogen atom ($Z = 7$) and registers an electron arrangement of $1s^2 2s^2 2p_x^2 2p_y^1 2p_z^0$. Which statement correctly evaluates this electron configuration relative to the fundamental quantum principles governing atomic structure?

A) It represents a physically impossible arrangement because placing two electrons in the $2p_x$ orbital violates the Pauli exclusion principle.

B) It represents the ground state because all seven electrons occupy the lowest available subshells in accordance with the Aufbau principle.

C) It represents an excited state that obeys the Aufbau and Pauli exclusion principles but violates Hund's rule.

D) It violates the Aufbau principle because electrons cannot enter the $2p$ subshell before the $2s$ orbital is completely filled.

Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule Original Scenario-Based Practice

Chemistry · Atomic Structure · Chemistry · Electrons in Atoms

1 Chemistry practice questions on Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule. Questions built around original scenarios.

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Atomic Structure · Chemistry

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