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Endoplasmic reticulum Knowledge-Based Practice

Biology · Cell Structure & Function · Biology · Organelles

5 Biology practice questions on Endoplasmic reticulum. Questions that assess core concepts and understanding.

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Questions

  1. 1.

    Which specialized adaptation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions in muscle cells to store, release, and resequester calcium ions during contraction and relaxation?

    • A) Transverse tubule
    • B) Sarcoplasmic reticulum
    • C) Sarcolemma
    • D) Myofibril
  2. 2.

    During the processing of nascent secretory polypeptides in eukaryotic cells, which biochemical modification is initiated cotranslationally within the lumen of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

    • A) Cleavage of peptide bonds by lysosomal acid hydrolases
    • B) Transfer of an oligosaccharide core onto specific asparagine residues
    • C) Phosphorylation of mannose residues to form lysosomal sorting signals
    • D) Enzymatic attachment of a 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' terminus
  3. 3.

    Which organelle possesses an extensive system of interconnected cisternae and tubules whose membrane is directly continuous with the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope?

    • A) Endoplasmic reticulum
    • B) Golgi apparatus
    • C) Lysosome
    • D) Peroxisome
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements accurately characterizes the structure and function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

    • A) It forms an interconnected network of smooth tubules that synthesizes steroid hormones and detoxifies foreign compounds.
    • B) It contains acid hydrolases that degrade cellular waste materials and engulfed foreign pathogens.
    • C) It consists of flattened, membrane-bound sacs studded with ribosomes that synthesize proteins destined for membranes or secretion.
    • D) It is a double-membraned organelle that generates adenosine triphosphate through oxidative phosphorylation.
  5. 5.

    Which of the following functions is primarily carried out by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum rather than the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

    • A) Synthesis and folding of secretory proteins
    • B) Synthesis of lipids and detoxification of metabolic byproducts
    • C) Translation of messenger RNA into polypeptides
    • D) Modification and sorting of proteins received from the Golgi apparatus

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